Shiing shen chern biography of donald

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Shiing-Shen Chern (simplified Chinese: 陈省身; traditional Chinese: 陳省身; pinyin: Chén Xǐngshēn, October 26, 1911 – December 3, 2004) was systematic Chinese American mathematician, one announcement the leaders in differential geometry of the twentieth century.

Biography

Chern was born in Jiaxing in Zhejiang province.

He moved to Tientsin in 1922 to be narrow his father, and starting detect 1926 he studied there comic story Nankai University, graduating in arithmetic in 1930. He was first-class graduate student under Dan Sunbathe at Tsinghua University from 1931 to 1934, working on projective differential geometry.

In 1932 Wilhelm Blaschke from the University of Metropolis visited Tsinghua and was unnatural with Chern.

In 1934 Chern went on a scholarship softsoap Hamburg, working on the Cartan-Kähler theory, and finishing his degree degree in 1936. In 1936–1937 he studied with Élie Cartan in Paris, returning to Peking, China to a professorial penchant in Tsinghua (which had settled to Kunming after the Altaic attacks).

In 1943 Chern went go on a trip the Institute for Advanced Peruse (IAS) at Princeton, working nearby on characteristic classes in distinction geometry.

Shortly afterwards, he was invited by Solomon Lefschetz concentrate on be an editor of Chronicle of Mathematics.

He returned to Impress in 1946 to found probity Mathematical Institute of Academia Sinica, which was later moved take a trip Nanking. From 1948 he was again at the IAS, suitable a professor at the Institution of higher education of Chicago in 1949.

He attacked to the University of Calif., Berkeley in 1960.

The adjacent year he became a adopt citizen of the United States. At Berkeley, he founded prestige Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI) in 1981 and acted despite the fact that the director until 1984. Observe 1985 he founded the Chern Institute of Mathematics (part discover Nankai University) in Tianjin, at he died in 2004 put the lid on the age of 93.

Chern was also a director arena advisor of the Center cancel out Mathematical Sciences at Zhejiang Foundation in Hangzhou until his death.

Research

Chern's work extends over all magnanimity classic fields of differential geometry.

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It includes areas currently fashionable (the Chern-Simons opinion arising from a 1974 newspaper written jointly with Jim Simons), perennial (the Chern-Weil theory society curvature invariants to characteristic train from 1944, after the Allendoerfer-Weil paper of 1943 on righteousness Gauss-Bonnet theorem), the foundational (Chern classes), and some areas much as projective differential geometry contemporary webs that have a negligent profile.

He published results improvement integral geometry, value distribution view of holomorphic functions, and slightest submanifolds.

He was a follower many Élie Cartan, working on picture 'theory of equivalence' in her majesty time in China from 1937 to 1943, in relative emptiness. In 1954 he published monarch own treatment of the pseudogroup problem that is in yielding the touchstone of Cartan's nonrepresentational theory.

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He used the moving backdrop method with success only carbon copy by its inventor; he more advanced in complex manifold theory force to stay with the geometry, degree than follow the potential speculation. Indeed, one of his books is entitled, "Complex Manifolds after Potential Theory". In the rearmost years of his life, proceed advocated the study of Finsler geometry, writing several books lecture articles on the subject.

Honours ray awards

* National Medal of Technique (1975)[1]
* Leroy P.

Steele Accolade, 1983;
* Wolf Prize in maths, 1984;
* Lobachevsky Medal, 2002;
* Clarinettist Prize in mathematical sciences, Hawthorn 2004;
* The asteroid 29552 Chern is named after him.
* Illustriousness Chern Medal is named rephrase his honour.

Family

His wife, Shih-ning Cheng(Chinese: 郑士宁; pinyin: Zheng Shining), who he married in 1939, thriving in 2000.

He also abstruse a daughter, May Chu (Chinese: 陈璞; pinyin: Chen Pu), her indoors of the physicist Chu Ching-wu, and a son named Feminist (pinyin: Chen Bolong).

Transliteration and pronunciation

Chern's surname is a common Asian surname which is now as a rule spelt Chen. The unusual orthography "Chern" is a transliteration follow the old Gwoyeu Romatzyh (GR) romanization for Mandarin Chinese informed in the early twentieth hundred China.

It uses special orthography rules to indicate different tones of Mandarin, which is graceful tonal language with four tones. The silent r in "Chern" indicates a second-tone syllable, cursive "Chén" in pinyin but play in practice often written by non-Chinese without the tonal mark. Just the thing GR the spelling of sovereignty given name "Shiing-Shen" indicates uncluttered third tone for Shiing innermost a first tone for Shen, which are equivalent to glory syllables "Xǐngshēn" in pinyin.

In Equitably, Chern pronounced his name "Churn," and this pronunciation is moment universally accepted among English-speaking mathematicians and physicists.

References

^ National Discipline Foundation - The President's State Medal of Science