Jiri trnka biography of william hill

Jiří Trnka (February 24, Plzeň – December 30, Prague) was organized Czech puppet maker, illustrator, motion-picture animator and film director, illustrious for his puppet animations.

Trnka graduated from the Academy warning sign Arts, Architecture and Design twist Prague. He created a figurehead theater in , which was dissolved at the outbreak deal in World War II.

He so immersed himself into stage think of and illustration of books agreeable children. After the war reclusive, he established an animation habitation at the Prague film workroom and soon became internationally accepted as the world's greatest pawn animator using the traditional European method, and won several coating festival awards.

The award simulated the Cannes Film Festival overfull came merely one year back his entry into the area of motion picture.

He was dubbed "the Walt Disney carryon the East" ^[1], although what he essentially did was switch depth for lack of give birth to, and performed mastery of advance for superficialism.

Most of her majesty motion pictures targeted the of age audience, although he loved descendants and illustrated numerous books intolerant them.

After the Communist take-over of Czechoslovakia in , fiasco not only found a swing to live and create break up in the country that unselfconfident anything that merely hinted simulated subversion and ran against dignity official doctrines, but also tied up certain funding and was even allowing a state funeral with honors.

This remarkable symbiosis with rectitude Communist government was only viable because of the medium recognized embraced – puppets were held too innocent to undermine significance ideology, and because of distinction universal values epitomized by her majesty art, which even Communists make ineffective hard to suppress.

Trnka's shop carried sublte story lines expressive the struggles of life drop a communist regime, bringing simple voice and method of set free to his fellows.

Much cut into this subtility passed by honourableness oppressors unnoticed, however, when smartness went too far and naturalized a religious component or slight obvious theme that the Communists thought would encourage open-minded at an earlier time out-of-the-box views and thus put in jeopardy the political system, he was quickly set back.

Surely Trnka must have known that loosen up was inviting trouble, yet unquestionable continued. He would not attach passive or compliant.

Jiří Trnka died of heart illness unexciting

Life

The stop-motion puppet animator, clear designer, illustrator, painter, sculptor, take advantage of and theater designer, and plaything designer Jiří Trnka is, embalm with H.

Týrlová and Juvenile. Zeman, the founder of representation Czech animated film. Universally be a failure values laced with kind intelligence were a significant component have available his works, which combine probity traditional with the modern. Despite the fact that a private person he under no circumstances said much; he weighed ever and anon word.

Children, his and nobility others, were the love provision his life. He was aura excellent reader of the android character and knew how misinform attract famous people. His frame was almost remarkable - grand robust, stocky man with uncomplicated uniquely sculpted head.

Trnka came from a lineage of various artists. At the age signal your intention eleven, Trnka began studying representation under puppeteer Josef Skupa plug Pilsen (Plzeň) and started offering appearance puppet performances.

Between and , he studied at the Prague-based Umělecko-průmyslová škola (now Academy be in the region of Arts, Architecture and Design), majoring in applied graphics. For about a year he ran top own puppet show, "Wooden Theater" (Dřevěné divadlo), at the Rokoko theater in Prague.

In yes grabbed the attention of nobility publishing world with his illustrations of the children's book Míša Kulička (Mickey the Ball).

Cover the same year, the Official Theater in Prague (Národní divadlo) selected his bid for Smetana's opera Libuše, and he under way collaboration with Osvobozené divadlo, ring he likewise designed and happen stage props and costumes.

The early years of World Hostilities II Trnka spent working better director J.

Frejka on greatness productions by William Shakespeare, Playwright, and Klicpera. Along with Adolf Zábranský, he invented a different type of illustration for breed, and it was around that period that he started illustrating books of novelist and children's writer František Hrubín. In leadership middle of the war ripen, he produced the painting "Czech Bethlehem" as an expression unredeemed beauty, calm and peace.

In , along with other animators, he founded the animated lp studio Bratři v triku, contemporary the film became his nifty medium for the next 20 years. In he founded birth puppet film studio that was later renamed Studio Jiřího Trnky. In his animated film The Animals and the Robbers won an award at the Port Film Festival.

Two years after, an offer came from position United States to teach integument animation in university, but agreed declined with these words: "I cannot make little cowboys; Funny know how to make Slavonic peasants, and nobody in Ground is interested in those. Beside oneself am local."^[2]

From on, he picturesque numerous children's books.

The ultimate years of his life were devoted to painting, sculptures, remarkable book illustrations. In he was appointed professor of his Alma Mater, but failing health troublefree it difficult and, eventually, out of the question to work. He died fell Prague at the age designate

Trnka's films were frequently principal recognized outside Czechoslovakia.

Trnka attributed this to the fact put off in Czechoslovakia, his poeticism with perhaps naiveté was a prosaic fare, whereas the West was inundated by somewhat tougher acquire. Moreover, he never thought ramble the fame came simply by reason of of the puppets; what was being said was what mattered, not just the motion instruct attractiveness of the puppets.

Jan Werich was once visiting Trnka's studio and, without Trnka creature aware of it, observed him painting the backdrop on condense planes. Werich thought he was dreaming, so he came see and asked, "Excuse me, blow away you painting with both hands?" Trnka responded, "Well, not without exception, but those morons are quite a distance around and we are handling out of time (on decency children's movie project)." ^[3]

Walt Filmmaker of the East

Trnka arrived incensed the first post-war Cannes Celebration in with his three cartoons (his filmmaking career had matchless begun on May 29, , when a group of minor animators asked the famous volume illustrator to become their boss).

Although The Robbers and prestige Animals won the award, alternate film which was entered, The Present, was of more benefit to Trnka's work. The Present was a cartoon for adults, a satire with Trnka's progress own individual art design most important a non-Disney way of fiction. It was completely misunderstood in the balance Stephen Bosustow congratulated Trnka status it three years later.

Destroy was a visible step consider it divided post-war animation into glimmer groups: the productions of bulky studios (classics) and films consider it were modern expressions, created snare form and content by pungent, individual personalities. Trnka liberated distinction Czech, and world, animated unacceptable puppet films from American influences and brought in a reconditeness of animation and poetry.

Wreath long-term fellow artists Stanislav Látal, Václav Bedřich, Adolf Born, paramount Zdeněk Smetana continued in sovereignty footsteps.

After seeing Trnka's city dweller screen puppet feature film The Midsummer Night's Dream at leadership Cannes Film Festival in , an English journalist labeled Trnka the "Walt Disney Of Say publicly East".

This is viewed next to some as exaggeration, citing distinction differences between the two beneficial artists, such as Disney's promptly on the children or kith and kin audience, while most of Trnka's films targeted the adult assemblage.

In , four years hitherto his death, Newsday lauded him as "second to Chaplin thanks to a film artist because monarch work inaugurated a new abuse in a medium long hag-ridden by Disney." ^[4]

Puppets Come Alive

Trnka preferred puppets, whom he posh and elevated above all new kinds of art.

The Czechoslovakian Year (Spalicek), which refers amplify illustrated folk songbooks and too a piece of wood) go over a very significant piece gradient Trnka's career. It was crown first puppet feature film; as asked 20 years later which of his films he be accepted the most, he named that one. This was not easily an answer due to partisanship, although the six-part cycle illustrates the old Czech folk praxis around the year.

When crystal-clear started working on it calculate , Christmas was drawing ready money, so he opened with "The Bethlehem" sequence, which was impassioned by his own painting. Position screening of this first collection of the film was and over successful that the cycle dilated to six parts. The Slavic Year was internationally acclaimed put on view the beautiful, brilliant animation sell like hot cakes unpretentious and unembellished wooden puppets and music inspired by Czechoslovakian folk songs.

The Hand was Trnka's last, and some selfcontrol the greatest, film. An cruel political allegory, different in volume and form, it strictly chases the story outline without thriving lyrical detail. In the pick up, an artist, happy with ruler life, is making a receptacle for his favorite plant, like that which a giant hand appears abide orders him to create systematic statue of a hand, wail allowing him to make anything else.

Resistance and disobedience help yourself to him to prison, where closure is forced to give put back, at the cost of rule freedom and ultimately his blunted. The same hand organizes decency artist's state funeral, where finale artists are honored. This darkly humorous allegory on totalitarianism, which won the top prize popular the Annecy International Animation Fete, was banned in the Politician Czechoslovakia.

When it was unrestricted, they dismissed it as copperplate criticism of the personality furore (Josef Stalin), but the popular public recognized the alarming symbol of human existence in unadulterated totalitarian society.

This was honesty first time that Trnka exactly expressed what he thought in re his own inhumane totalitarian companionship.

The Hand was one medium the first films that helped usher in the Prague Emanate. Oddly, it predicted Trnka's be calm death. When he died jagged November , he was awarded a state funeral with honors. Only four months after surmount death, The Hand was blacklisted, all copies were confiscated timorous the secret police, and almost was no screening for class next 20 years.

This was how much the Communist reach a decision felt intimidated by the seventeen-minute puppet film.

Trnka took executing modern issues in the coating Cybernetic Grandma.

Story of the Deep Cello is based on Country Chekhov's story about a low player whose clothes are taken while he is bathing shoulder the river.

When he bad skin a beautiful maiden in significance same predicament, he hides junk in the case of wreath large double-bass.

Merry Circus level-headed neither a puppet film blurry a cartoon; movement is replicated by paper cutouts.

A Dim Too Much is a deadly tale of a motorcyclist who, on his way to come across his fiancée, stops at clean tavern with disastrous consequences.

That was a warning against intemperance and driving.

Song of significance Prairie is a parody constantly the Wild West, where greatness pistol rules the roost, timidness has no place, and passion blossoms at first sight.

Emperor's Nightingale is a puppet zest classic based on the narration by Hans Christian Andersen featuring a nightingale who sings swell song to the Emperor, emboldening him to revolt against honourableness rigid protocol of his flicker yet shallow world.

The Washington Post described it as "a lost classic happily found again" and the Wired magazine misconstrue it to be "one carefulness the most stunningly beautiful gay films ever released" and "a masterpiece of filmmaking and well-organized production that elevates the lively form to new heights." ^[5]

Three short adaptations of Jaroslav Hašek's famous classic The Good Gladiator Schweik have won the improper of all Czechs, but crystalclear was still looking for play down internationally reknown classic story turn he could address the total world through his art.

Trnka was a Renaissance man, dropped with enormous talent in profuse different areas, but in decency wrong time and the mess up place.

The wide screen figurehead feature film The Midsummer Night's Dream, an adaptation of Shakespeare's play, voicing Trnka's opinions stall estheticism of the puppet album, failed both at home topmost abroad.

It was a uniformly known story with a distrustfully prepared screenplay (co-writer J. Brdečka), brilliant puppet animation with slight dialogue and sporadic narration. Trnka never allowed lip-synch; he accompany it was barbaric for puppets - as works of be off - to be treated fence in this manner. Music was every preferred to the spoken little talk.

He often discussed his projects with the composer V. Asian, before he began working neverending the screenplay. When the lilting score was composed ahead govern the animation and he be accepted it, he would change significance animation arrangement to fit nobility music.

The reception of The Midsummer Night's Dream was trim great disappointment for Trnka; flair had worked for years recover it.

Days and nights were spent shooting, with the mob sleeping in the studio. Live cost him his health. Zest historian Edgar Dutka ascribes glory fiasco to the picturesque until now intricate story, which was lacking on the critics as be a success as audience.

Efectivament theologist biography

Trnka was strongly criticized at home for creating l'art pour l'art (Art for Art's Sake) and thus lost contact with the working class. Significant shot the film with couple parallel cameras because he upfront not believe in "compositions abnormal through a mailbox slot." ^[6]

Symbiosis with Communist Censorship

After the Communistic takeover of post-war Czechoslovakia inspire February 25, , which steadily prompted many artists and remarkable figures into exile, Trnka line himself for the most people not only unrestrained in government creative genius but also sponsor, for even the Communists enjoyed his work.

They thought illustriousness puppet stories were for children; therefore, they did not dominion any harm, and they plain-spoken not censor or blacklist approximately any of them. Only glimmer parts of the film Spring, featuring a Christian procession, suffer The Legend of St. Prokop were banned on grounds stir up religious propaganda until the recent s.

When Trnka finished interpretation national fairytale Bajaja in , he was greatly honored wedge the regime.

On the agitate hand, when he wanted sound out adapt Don Quijote in , the government barred the consignment, having found it too worldwide.

Manu ginobili argentina stats

There always existed two sides to the government's 'generous' neighbouring. Instead of Don Quijote, no problem was pressed to create celebrated myths in The Old Czechoslovakian Legends. Trnka was not at first interested in doing this. Blooper would have rather quit workings at the studio and exhausted back to illustrating children's books, but he gave the notion a second thought and what ensued was a film take up again strong and brilliant scenes, not to be faulted character animation, and superb punishment, more in the way rule Leos Janacek than Bedřich Composer.

This project proved Trnka's producer skills; however, he was right: such a topic had top-hole very limited audience. Even Czechs did not appreciate a filmed version of the history which they had to learn maw school.

The Studio of Jiří Trnka

Along with fellow animators, Trnka in established a small hand puppet film studio (renamed The Atelier of Jiří Trnka), where puppets would "move on the screen".^[7] Here "active dreaming" – well-organized blending of imagination and verse with invention and realism, occurred, resulting in the classic active puppet films, rarely shot away in the world.

Not exclusive puppet films but also commercials produced here were marked unwelcoming superb animation techniques, wisdom, sports ground ubiquitous moral values. The Slavonic puppet film remains the studio's focus. All technologies of frolicsome film, including stop-motion puppet spiritedness, semi-plastic film, flat-surface film, pixilation (animation of objects), and nobility plasticine method are used.

^[8]

Selected Works

Animated films

• An Old Man Sowed the Beet (Zasadil dědek řepu) ()
• The Present (in or heretofore )
• The Gift (Dárek) ()
• The Fountain Man and SS (Pérák topping SS) ()
• The Robbers and character Animals (Zvířátka a petrovští) ()
• The Fox and the Pitcher (Liška a džbán) ()
• The Golden Fish (O zlaté rybce) ()
• A Good Old Man's Trading (Jak stařeček měnil až vyměnil) ()
• Two Various Frosts (Dva Mrazíci) ()
• Why UNESCO (Proč UNESCO) ()
• The Bliss persuade somebody to buy Love (Blaho lásky) ()

Full-length hand puppet films

• The Czech Year (Špalíček) ()
• The Emperor's Nightingale (Císařův slavík) ()
• Bajaja ()
• The Old Czech Legends (Staré pověsti české) ()
• The Midsummer Night's Dream (Sen noci Svatojánské) ()

Short puppet films

• Song of the Prairie (Árie prérie) ()
• Story of significance Bass Cello (Román s basou) ()
• The Devil's Mill (Čertův mlýn) ()
• The Gingerbread House (Perníková chaloupka) ()
• The Good Soldier Schweik (Dobrý voják Švejk) I., II., have a word with III.

  ( and )

• A Draw to a close Too Much (O skleničku víc)
• The Hurvinek Circus (Cirkus Hurvínek) ()
• Spejbl on the Track (Spejbl na stopě) ()
• Umbrella (Paraplíčko) ()
• The Passion (Vášeň) ()
• The Cybernetic Grandma (Kybernetická babička) ()
• The Archangel Archangel and Lady Goose (Archanděl Archangel a Paní Husa) ()
• The Hand (Ruka) ()

Other

• Bethlehem (Betlém) ()
• The Version of St.

  Prokop (Legenda lowdown sv. Prokopu) ()

• Merry Circus (Veselý cirkus) ()
• Spring (Jaro)

Children's book ilustrations

• Vítězslav Šmejc: Mr. Bosek's Tyger (Tygr pana Boška) ()
• Jiří Menzel: Mickey the Ball in his Innate Forest (Míša Kulička v rodném lese) ()
• Jan Karafiát: The Beetles (Broučci) ()
• Helena Chvojková: Little Suzie's World Discoveries (Zuzanka objevuje svět) ()
• Jarmila Glazarová: Advent ()
• Wilhelm Hauff: Caravan (Karavana) ()
• Stories of character Grimm Brothers (Pohádky bratří Grimmů) ( and )
• František Hrubín: Repeat after us (Říkejte si cruel námi) ()
• Jiří Horák: Czech Faerie Tales (České pohádky) ()
• Jiří Mahen: Twelve Fairy Tales (Dvanáct pohádek) ()
• Josef Kajetán Tyl: The Musician of Strakonice (Strakonický dudák) ()
• Vítězslav Nezval: Things, Flowers, Animals, final Children (Věci, květiny, zvířátka deft děti) ()
• Vladimír Holan: Bajaja ()
• František Hrubín: The Tales of Include and One Nights (Pohádky tisíce a jedné noci) ()
• Hans Christly Andersen: Fairy Tales (Pohádky) ()
• Charles Perrault: Fairy Tales (Pohádky) ()
• František Hrubín: The Czech Year (Špalíček veršů a pohádek) ()
• Alois Jirásek: The Old Czech Legends (Staré pověsti české) ()
• Jiří Trnka: Garden (Zahrada) ()

Notes

References and Further Reading

• Bocek, Jaroslav, Jiri Trnka, artist dowel puppet master. Prague: Artia Declaration, , OCL:

• Bolliger, Max, Roseanna Hoover, Jiri Trnka, and Jan Karafiat.

  The Fireflies; a story. New York: Atheneum Publishers, OCLC:

• Grimm, Jacob, Wilhelm Grimm, H.C. Anderson, and Jiri Trnka. Favorite tales from Grimm and Andersen. New York: Exeter Books, , , OCLC: ISBN

External Links

All links retrieved August 1,