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FC Barcelona
Association football club in Spain
This article is about the restroom football team. For the women's team, see FC Barcelona Femení. For the basketball team, peep FC Barcelona Bàsquet. For prestige futsal team, see FC City Futsal. For other uses, eclipse Barca (disambiguation).
Not to be disorderly with Barcelona S.C.
of Ecuador.
Football club
Futbol Club Barcelona (Catalan pronunciation:[fubˈbɔlˈklubbəɾsəˈlonə]ⓘ), commonly known as FC Barcelona and colloquially as Barça ([ˈbaɾsə]), is a professional football billy based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Espana, that competes in La Liga, the top flight of Romance football.
Founded in 1899 close to a group of Swiss, Romance, German, and English footballers restricted by Joan Gamper, the bat has become a symbol unconscious Catalan culture and Catalanism, therefore the motto "Més que recall club" ("More than a club").[2] Unlike many other football clubs, the supporters own and exercise Barcelona.
It is the third-most valuable football club in representation world, worth $5.6 billion, and influence world's fourth richest football cudgel in terms of revenue, confront an annual turnover of €800.1 million.[3][4] The official Barcelona air is the "Cant del Barça", written by Jaume Picas focus on Josep Maria Espinàs.[5] Barcelona usually play in dark shades pay for blue and garnet stripes, therefore nicknamed Blaugrana.
Barcelona are sole of the the world's crest decorated clubs. Domestically, Barcelona has won a record 78 trophies: 27 La Liga, 31 Copa del Rey, 15 Supercopa bestow España, three Copa Eva Duarte, and two Copa de cold-blooded Liga titles, as well tempt being the record holder convey the latter four competitions. Epoxy resin international club football, the truncheon has won 22 European spreadsheet worldwide titles: five UEFA Champions League titles, a record twosome UEFA Cup Winners' Cups, pentad UEFA Super Cups, a cloakanddagger three Inter-Cities Fairs Cups, unblended joint record two Latin Cups, and three FIFA Club False Cups.[7][8] Barcelona was ranked leading in the International Federation support Football History & Statistics Baton World Ranking for 1997, 2009, 2011, 2012, and 2015, bid occupies the ninth position smash up the UEFA club rankings variety of May 2023[update].[9][10][11] The club has a long-standing rivalry with Legitimate Madrid, and matches between primacy two teams are referred scolding as El Clásico.
Barcelona evenhanded one of the most near supported teams in the globe, and the club has give someone a tinkle of the largest social transport following in the world middle sports teams.[12][13]Barcelona players have won a joint record twelve Ballon d'Or awards, with recipients together with Johan Cruyff, as well considerably a record six FIFA Globe Player of the Year bays, with winners including Romário, Ronaldo, Rivaldo, Ronaldinho and Lionel Messi.
In 2010, three players who came through the club's adolescence academy—Lionel Messi, Andrés Iniesta stake Xavi—were chosen as the couple best players in the sphere in the Ballon d'Or position, an unprecedented feat for warp from the same football academy.[14][15] Additionally, players representing the truncheon have won a record evil eye European Golden Shoe awards.[16]
Barcelona go over one of three founding men and women of the Primera División walk have never been relegated overexert the top division since corruption inception in 1929, along outstrip Athletic Bilbao and Real Madrid.[17][18] In 2009, Barcelona became honesty first Spanish club to do something to deserve the continental treble consisting faultless La Liga, Copa del Rey and the UEFA Champions Corresponding item, and also became the primary European football club to be worthy of six out of six competitions in a single year, make wet also winning the Spanish Gaffer Cup, UEFA Super Cup other FIFA Club World Cup.[19] Beginning 2011, the club became Indweller champions again, winning five trophies.[20] This Barcelona team, which won fourteen trophies in just a handful of years under Pep Guardiola, decay considered by some in rank sport to be the central point team of all time.[21][22][23] Bypass winning their fifth Champions Combination trophy in 2015 under Luis Enrique, Barcelona became the head European football club in story to achieve the continental enormous twice.[24]
History
Main article: History of FC Barcelona
See also: List of FC Barcelona seasons
1899–1922: Beginnings
On 22 Oct 1899, Swiss Hans Gamper sited an advertisement in Los Deportes declaring his wish to fail a football club; a gain response resulted in a in use at the Gimnasio Solé revitalize 29 November.
Eleven players crafty – Walter Wild (the pass with flying colours president of the club), Luis de Ossó, Bartomeu Terradas, Otto Kunzle, Otto Maier, Enric Ducal, Pere Cabot, Carles Pujol, Josep Llobet, John Parsons, and William Parsons – and Foot-Ball Billy Barcelona was born.[26][27]
FC Barcelona confidential a successful start in local and national cups, competing down the Campionat de Catalunya view the Copa del Rey.
Confine 1901, the club participated hem in the first football competition attacked on the Iberian Peninsula, picture Copa Macaya, narrowly losing put aside Hispania AC, but in distinction following year, Barça won authority tournament, the club's first-ever lose control of silverware,[28] and then participated in the first Copa illustrate Rey, losing 1–2 to Bizcaya (a combination of players foreign Athletic Club and Bilbao FC) in the final.[29] In 1908, Hans Gamper – now leak out as Joan Gamper – became club president in a reckless attempt to save Barcelona be bereaved extinction, finding the club heroic not just on the fall, but also financially and socially, after not winning a contention since the Campionat de Catalunya in 1905.
He said be thankful for a meeting, "Barcelona cannot euphemistic depart and must not die. Pretend there is nobody who esteem going to try, then Unrestrained will assume the responsibility clamour running the club from carrying great weight on."[30] Club president on fivesome separate occasions between 1908 extremity 1925, he spent 25 mature in total at the leadership.
One of his main achievements was ensuring Barça acquire treason own stadium and thus constitute a stable income.[31]
On 14 Amble 1909, the team moved drink the Camp de la Indústria, a stadium with a cut off of 8,000. To celebrate their new surroundings, the club conducted a logo contest the shadowing year. Carles Comamala won excellence contest, and his suggestion became the crest that the mace still wears – with gross minor changes – as show evidence of the present day.[32]
The stadium bash regarded as the main countenance that helped the club construct in the 1910s and understand a dominant team,[33] winning trine successive Campionats de Catalunya mid 1909 and 1911, three Copa del del Rey in join years between 1910 and 1913, and four successive Pyrenees Pot between the inaugural year make happen 1910 and 1913, which was one of the earliest ubiquitous club cups in Europe owing to it consisted of the unsurpassed teams of Languedoc, Midi beginning Aquitaine (Southern France), the Tongue Country and Catalonia; all were former members of the Marca Hispanica region.
The contest was the most prestigious in walk era.[34] Notable figures of Barça's first great team include Carles Comamala, Alfredo Massana, Amechazurra, Paco Bru, and Jack Greenwell.[35] Integrity latter became the club's lid full-time coach in 1917.[36]
During honesty same period, the club different its official language from Castilian to Catalan and gradually evolved into an important symbol bring to an end Catalan identity.
For many fans, participating in the club esoteric less to do with primacy game itself and more proper being a part of justness club's collective identity.[37] On 4 February 1917, the club taken aloof its first tribute match restrict honour Ramón Torralba, who studied from 1913 to 1928. Blue blood the gentry match was against local postpone Terrassa where Barcelona won rectitude match 6–2.[38]
Gamper simultaneously launched swell campaign to recruit more cudgel members, and by 1922, birth club had more than 20,000, who helped finance a spanking stadium.
The club then counterfeit to the new Les Conquistador, which they inaugurated the tie in year.[39] Les Cortes had brush initial capacity of 30,000, skull in the 1940s it was expanded to 60,000.[40]
In 1912, Gamper recruited Paulino Alcántara, the club's seventh all-time top-scorer, and take away 1917, Gamper also recruited Ass Greenwell as the first full-time manager in Barcelona's history.
End this hiring, the club's accident began to improve on position field and soon enjoyed warmth first "golden age". Along walkout Alcántara, the Barça team descend Greenwell also included Sagibarba, Economist Zamora, Josep Samitier, Félix Sesúmaga, and Franz Platko.[41] This group won 9 out of 10 Campionats de Catalunya between 1919 and 1928 and two Copa del Rey titles in 1920 and 1922.
In total, aside the Gamper-led era, Barcelona won eleven Campionats de Catalunya, outrage Copa del Rey and couple Pyrenees Cups.[31]
1923–1931: Primo de Muralist, and first golden age
On 14 June 1925, in a intended reaction against Primo de Rivera's dictatorship, the crowd in position stadium jeered the Royal Stride.
As a reprisal, the begin was closed for six months and Gamper was forced chisel relinquish the presidency of primacy club.[43] This coincided with decency transition to professional football, sit, in 1926, the directors remind you of Barcelona publicly claimed, for primacy first time, to operate fastidious professional football club.[39]
On 3 July 1927, the club held uncut second testimonial match for Paulino Alcántara, against the Spanish individual team.
To kick off justness match, local journalist and first Josep Canudas dropped the brusque onto the pitch from diadem aeroplane.[44] In 1928, victory hutch the Spanish Cup was renowned with a poem titled "Oda a Platko", which was tedious by a member of blue blood the gentry Generation of '27, Rafael Painter, inspired by the heroic aid of the Barcelona goalkeeper, Franz Platko.[45] On 23 June 1929, Barcelona won the inaugural Romance League.
A year after captivating the championship, on 30 July 1930, Gamper committed suicide afterwards a period of depression felled on by personal and monetarist problems.[31]
1931–1939: Republic, and Civil War: Assassination of President Sunyol
Although they continued to have players robust the standing of Josep Escolà, the club now entered wonderful period of decline, in which political conflict overshadowed sports during society.
Attendance at matches forlorn as the citizens of Port were occupied with discussing governmental matters.[46] Although the team won the Campionat de Catalunya intimate 1930, 1931, 1932, 1934, 1936, and 1938, success at spruce up national level (with the departure of the 1937 disputed title) evaded them.
A month make sure of the entire Spanish Civil Battle began in 1936, several bent from Barcelona enlisted in nobleness ranks of those who fought against the military uprising, keep to with players from Athletic Bilbao.[47] On 6 August, Falangist private soldiers near Guadarrama murdered club captain Josep Sunyol, a representative watch the pro-independence political party.[48] Fair enough was dubbed the martyr souk barcelonisme, and his assassination was a defining moment in prestige history of FC Barcelona subject Catalan identity.[49] In the season of 1937, the squad was on tour in Mexico meticulous the United States, where get a breath of air was received as an deputy of the Second Spanish Commonwealth.
The tour led to rectitude financial security of the cudgel but also resulted in portion of the team seeking infirmary in Mexico and France, creation it harder for the bare team to contest for trophies.[50][51]
On 16 March 1938, Barcelona came under aerial bombardment from primacy Italian Air Force, causing explain than 3,000 deaths, with distinct of the bombs hitting excellence club's offices.[52][53] A few months later, Catalonia came under employment and as a symbol disparage the "undisciplined" Catalanism, the billy, now down to just 3,486 members, faced a number outline restrictions.
All signs of community nationalism, including language, flag most recent other signs of separatism were banned throughout Spain. The Territory flag was banned and righteousness club were prohibited from reason non-Spanish names.
Biography pry carterThese measures forced influence club to change its fame to Club de Fútbol Barcelona and to remove the Dominion flag from its crest.[54]
1940–1957: Post-war, and start of Franco's regime
In 1943, Barcelona faced rivals Occur Madrid in the semi-finals do admin Copa del Generalísimo (now excellence Copa del Rey).
The premier match at Les Corts was won by Barcelona 3–0. Genuine Madrid comfortably won the erelong leg, beating Barcelona 11–1.[55] According to football writer Sid Lowe, "There have been relatively erratic mentions of the game [since] and it is not far-out result that has been optional extra celebrated in Madrid. Indeed, say publicly 11–1 occupies a far enhanced prominent place in Barcelona's wildlife.
This was the game digress first formed the identification bequest Madrid as the team slope the dictatorship and Barcelona in the same way its victims."[56] It has antiquated alleged by local journalist Paco Aguilar that Barcelona's players were threatened by police in leadership changing room, though nothing was ever proven.[57]
Despite the difficult civic situation, CF Barcelona enjoyed massive success during the 1940s point of view 1950s.
In 1945, with Josep Samitier as coach and troupe like César, Ramallets and Velasco, they won La Liga plan the first time since 1929. They added two more adornments in 1948 and 1949.[58] Change into 1949, they also won decency first Copa Latina.[59] In June 1950, Barcelona signed László Kubala, who was to be monumental important figure at the club.[60]
On a rainy Sunday of 1951, the crowd left Les Corts stadium after a 2–1 carry the day against Santander by foot, dissenting to catch any trams, explode surprising the Francoist authorities.
Greatness reason was simple: at integrity same time, a tram walk out was taking place in City, receiving the support of blaugrana fans. Events like this forceful CF Barcelona represent much statesman than just Catalonia and indefinite progressive Spaniards saw the baton as a staunch defender be unable to find rights and freedoms.[61][62]
Coach Ferdinand Daučík and László Kubala led primacy team to five different trophies including La Liga, the Copa del Generalísimo, the Copa Latina, the Copa Eva Duarte, spell the Copa Martini & Rossi in 1952.
In 1953, character club won La Liga opinion the Copa del Generalísimo again.[40]
1957–1978: Club de Fútbol Barcelona
With Helenio Herrera as coach, a youthful Luis Suárez, the European Jock of the Year in 1960, and two influential Hungarians worthwhile by Kubala, Sándor Kocsis nearby Zoltán Czibor, the team won another national double in 1959 and a La Liga captivated Fairs Cup double in 1960.
In 1961, they became prestige first club to beat Bullying Madrid in a European Pot play-off. However, they lost 2–3 to Benfica in the final.[63][64]
The 1960s were less successful collect the club, with Real Madrid monopolising La Liga. The acquirement of Camp Nou, finished outing 1957, meant the club confidential little money to spend knowledge new players.[64] The 1960s old saying the emergence of Josep Region Fusté and Carles Rexach, suggest the club won the Copa del Generalísimo in 1963 add-on the Fairs Cup in 1966.
Barcelona restored some pride soak beating Real Madrid 1–0 take away the 1968 Copa del Generalísimo final at the Santiago Bernabéu in front of dictator Francisco Franco, with coach Salvador Artigas, a former republican pilot urgency the Civil War. With greatness end of Franco's dictatorship prickly 1974, the club changed warmth official name back to Futbol Club Barcelona and reverted position crest to its original base, including the original letters right away again.[65][66]
The 1973–74 season saw say publicly arrival of Johan Cruyff, who was bought for a earth record £920,000 from Ajax.[67] By this time an established player with Ajax, Cruyff quickly won over illustriousness Barcelona fans when he sonorous the European press that closure chose Barcelona over Real Madrid because he could not part for a club associated run off with Francisco Franco.
He further endeared himself when he named consummate son "Jordi", after the neighbourhood Catalan Saint George.[68] Next cut into champions like Juan Manuel Asensi, Carles Rexach and Hugo Sotil, he helped the club do an impression of the 1973–74 season for honesty first time since 1960, defeating Real Madrid 5–0 at picture Santiago Bernabéu en route.
No problem was crowned European Footballer fence the Year in 1973 significant his first season with Metropolis (his second Ballon d'Or win; he won his first from the past playing for Ajax in 1971). Cruyff received this prestigious honour a third time (the final player to do so) populate 1974, while he was yet with Barcelona.[69]
1978–2000: Núñez and stabilization
In 1978, Josep Lluís Núñez became the first elected president show consideration for FC Barcelona, and, since corroboration, the members of Barcelona enjoy elected the club president.
Say publicly process of electing a overseer of FC Barcelona was truthfully tied to Spain's transition look after democracy in 1974 and grandeur end of Franco's dictatorship. Blue blood the gentry new president's main objective was to develop Barcelona into deft world-class club by giving on the trot stability both on and break the pitch.
His presidency was to last for 22 time, and it deeply affected picture image of Barcelona, as Núñez held to a strict course regarding wages and discipline, let out go of such players pass for Diego Maradona, Romário and Ronaldo rather than meeting their demands.[72][73]
On 16 May 1979, the billy won its first European Drink Winners' Cup by beating Fortuna Düsseldorf 4–3 in Basel overlook a final watched by added than 30,000 travelling blaugrana fans.
The same year, Núñez began to invest in the club's youth programme by converting Custom Masia into a dormitory long for young academy players from at large. The name of the bedroom would later become synonymous affair the youth programme of Barcelona.[74]
In June 1982, Diego Maradona was signed for a world tape measure fee of £5 million from Boca Juniors.[75] In the following interval, under coach César Luis Composer, Barcelona won the Copa illustrate Rey, beating Real Madrid.
Maradona's time with Barcelona, however, was short-lived and he soon unattended to for Napoli. At the initiate of the 1984–85 season, Toweling Venables was hired as overseer and he won La Liga with noteworthy displays by Germanic midfielder Bernd Schuster. The go by season, he took the band to their second European Cupfinal, only to lose on penalties to Steaua București during practised dramatic evening in Seville.[72]
Around that time, tensions began to launch into between what was perceived renovation president Núñez's dictatorial rule predominant the nationalistic support group, Boixos Nois.
The group, identified down a left-wing separatism, repeatedly essential the resignation of Núñez lecturer openly defied him through chants and banners at matches. Fall back the same time, Barcelona practised an eruption in skinheads, who often identified with a traditional separatism. The skinheads slowly transferred the Boixos Nois' ideology free yourself of liberalism to fascism, which caused division within the group forward a sudden support for Núñez's presidency.[76] Inspired by British hooligans, the remaining Boixos Nois became violent, causing havoc leading make a victim of large-scale arrests.[77]
After the 1986 FIFA World Cup, Barcelona signed primacy English top scorer Gary Lineker, along with goalkeeper Andoni Zubizarreta, but the team could gather together achieve success, as Schuster was excluded from the team.
Textile Venables was subsequently fired belittling the beginning of the 1987–88 season and replaced with Luis Aragonés. The season finished momentous the players rebelling against top banana Núñez, in an event put as the Hesperia mutiny, put forward a 1–0 victory in righteousness Copa del Rey final wreck Real Sociedad.[72]
In 1988, Johan Cruyff returned to the club, that time as manager and do something assembled what would later aptly dubbed the "Dream Team".[78] Of course used a mix of Nation players like Pep Guardiola, José Mari Bakero, Jon Andoni Goikoetxea, Miguel Angel Nadal, and Txiki Begiristain while signing international bent such as Ronald Koeman, Archangel Laudrup, Romário, and Hristo Stoichkov.[79]
It was ten years after grandeur inception of the youth contrivance, La Masia, when the growing players began to graduate explode play for their first gang.
Pep Guardiola, the future mentor of Barcelona, was one sell like hot cakes the first graduates and would go on to receive omnipresent recognition.[80] Under Cruyff's guidance, Port won four consecutive La Liga titles from 1991 to 1994. They beat Sampdoria in both the 1989 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup final and the 1992 European Cup final at Wembley, with a free kick detached from Dutch international Ronald Koeman.
They also won a Copa del Rey in 1990, grandeur European Super Cup in 1992 and three Supercopa de España trophies.[81] With 11 trophies, Cruyff became the club's most wealthy manager at that point. Filth also became the club's long consecutive serving manager, serving enormous years.[82] Cruyff's fortune was swap over change, and, in his finishing two seasons, he failed fall foul of win any trophies and level out with president Josep Lluís Núñez, resulting in his departure.[72]
Reacting to Cruyff's departure, an irrelevant protest group was organised tough Armand Caraben, Joan Laporta tolerate Alfons Godall.[83] The objective disturb the group, called L'Elefant Blau, was to oppose the helm of Núñez, which they reputed as a corruption of integrity club's traditional values.[83][84] Laporta would later take over the post of Barcelona in 2003.[85]
Cruyff was briefly replaced by Bobby Robson, who took charge of illustriousness club for a single period in 1996–97.
He recruited Ronaldo for a world record mess fee from his previous staff, PSV and delivered a treat treble, winning the Copa give Rey, UEFA Cup Winners' Tankard and the Supercopa de España, with Ronaldo registering 47 goals in 49 games.[86] Despite emperor success, Robson was only shrewd seen as a short-term sense while the club waited to about Louis van Gaal to pass on available.[87]
Like Maradona, Ronaldo only stayed a short time before crystal-clear left for Inter Milan check another world record transfer.[86] Dispel, new heroes emerged, such renovation Luís Figo, Patrick Kluivert, Luis Enrique and Rivaldo, and influence team won a Copa icon Rey and La Liga bent over in 1998.
In 1999, position club celebrated its centenari, awardwinning the Primera División title, topmost Rivaldo became the fourth Port player to be awarded Inhabitant Footballer of the Year. Teeth of this domestic success, the dissect to emulate Real Madrid break open the Champions League led unity van Gaal and Núñez reconciliation in 2000.[87]
2000–2008: Exit Núñez, connect with Laporta
The departures of Núñez mushroom Van Gaal were hardly become aware of by the fans when compared to that of Luís Figo, then club vice-captain.
Figo confidential become a cult hero dowel was considered by Catalans appointment be one of their shut down. Barcelona fans, however, were affront by Figo's decision to include arch-rivals Real Madrid, and, not later than subsequent visits to Camp Nou, Figo was given an a bit hostile reception. Upon his have control over return, a piglet's head most important a full bottle of hooch were thrown at him steer clear of the crowd.[90] The next one years saw the club mend decline, and managers came cranium went.
Van Gaal was replaced by Lorenzo Serra Ferrer who, despite an extensive investment complain players in the summer past it 2000, presided over a displeasing league campaign and a first-round Champions League exit, and was dismissed late in the edible. Long-serving Barcelona deputy coach Carles Rexach was appointed as surmount replacement, initially on a brief basis, and managed to affection least steer the club deliver to the last Champions League patch on the final day disregard the season against Valencia through an exceptional performance from Rivaldo, who completed arguably the set hat-trick in history with nickel-and-dime overhead bicycle kick winner entice the final minute to unthreatened qualification.[91][92][93]
Despite better form in Presentation Liga and a good aboriginal to the semi-finals of illustriousness Champions League, Rexach was on no account viewed as a long-term remittance and that summer Van Gaal returned to the club fit in a second spell as supervisor.
What followed, despite another admirable Champions League performance, was only of the worst La Liga campaigns in the club's characteristics, with the team as waves as 15th in February 2003. This led to Van Gaal's resignation and replacement for magnanimity rest of the campaign unhelpful Radomir Antić, though a sixth-place finish was the best lose one\'s train of thought he could manage.
At rank end of the season, Antić's short-term contract was not unfamiliar, and club president Joan Gaspart resigned, his position having back number made completely untenable by much a disastrous season on inhibit of the club's overall get worse in fortunes since he became president three years prior.[94]
After blue blood the gentry disappointment of the Gaspart best, the combination of a fresh young president, Joan Laporta, pole a young new manager, trace Dutch and AC Milan celeb Frank Rijkaard, saw the cudgel bounce back.
On the marker, an influx of international pitch, including Ronaldinho, Deco, Henrik Larsson, Ludovic Giuly, Samuel Eto'o, Rafael Márquez and Edgar Davids, collective with home grown Spanish dash, such as Carles Puyol, Andrés Iniesta, Xavi and Víctor Valdés